Endmyopia Wiki - User contributions [en]

Template:FAQ boxes

2023-03-07T16:28:12Z

Candycrusher42:

{| style="text-align:center;margin: auto;style="width: 100%""
|style="width: 18%"|[[File:Purple Exclamation.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/FFAQ]]
|-
|style="width: 18%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/FFAQ|Frequently Frequently Asked Questions '''''(please read this!)'']]
|}

{{resize|120%|{{center|'''General'''}}}}
{| style="text-align:center;margin: auto;style="width: 100%""
|style="width: 18%"|[[File:Eye-diagram.png|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Myopia]]||style="width: 18%"|[[File:Lasik_Femtosegundo.gif|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/LASIK]]||style="width: 18%"|[[File:Squarish Glasses.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Glasses]]||style="width: 18%"|[[File:Colourful Dotty Brain.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Mindset]]||style="width: 18%"|[[File:Wiki puzzle piece blank.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Troubleshooting]]
|-
|style="width: 18%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Myopia|About Myopia]]'''||style="width: 18%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/LASIK|LASIK ]]'''||style="width: 18%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Glasses|Glasses & diopters]]'''||style="width: 18%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Mindset|Mindset]]'''||style="width: 18%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Troubleshooting|Troubleshooting]]'''
|}

{{resize|120%|{{center|'''The Process — [[EndMyopia Glossary]]'''}}}}
{| style="text-align:center;margin: auto;style="width: 100%""
|style="width: 11%"|[[File:Eye silhouette.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Active Focus]]||style="width: 11%"|[[File:Loop arrow.svg|65px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Habits]]||style="width: 11%"|[[File:Gauge icon.png|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Measurement]]||style="width: 11%"|[[File:Mountain logo silhouette.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Normalized]]||style="width: 11%"|[[File:Desktop monitor.png|65px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Differentials]]||style="width: 11%"|[[File:American Football Silhouette.png|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Astigmatism]]||style="width: 11%"|[[File:Right arrow.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Other]]
|-
|style="width: 11%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Active Focus|Active Focus]]'''||style="width: 11%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Habits|Habits]]'''||style="width: 11%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Measurement|Measurement]]'''||style="width: 11%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Normalized|Normalized]]'''||style="width: 11%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Differentials|Differentials]]'''||style="width: 11%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Astigmatism|Astigmatism]]'''||style="width: 11%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Other|Other]]'''
|}

{{resize|120%|{{center|'''EndMyopia'''}}}}
{| style="text-align:center;margin: auto;style="width: 100%""
|style="width: 16%"|[[File:Bitconnect_coin.png|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Skepticism]]||style="width: 16%"|[[File:EMBoxLogoWhite.png|55px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Meta]]||style="width: 16%"|[[File:BackTo20-20.png|95px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/BackTo20/20]]||style="width: 16%"|[[File:Stop0.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Other eyesight conditions]]||[[File:Unicorn.png|65px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Unicorn Farming]]||style="width: 16%"|
|-
|style="width: 16%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Skepticism|{{blue|Skepticism }}]]'''||style="width: 16%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Meta|{{blue|About EM}}]]'''||style="width: 16%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/BackTo20/20|{{blue|Paid course}}]]'''||style="width: 16%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Other eyesight conditions|Other eyesight conditions]]'''||style="width: 16%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Unicorn Farming|{{purple|Ineffective Myopia Treatments}}]]
|}

Guide:My Child Has Myopia

2023-02-21T01:21:55Z

Candycrusher42: Myopia degrees are uncountable and the info here is saying "all lenses, regardless of strength, cause myopia". If you stick a -0.1 lens on a person with -4 myopia, it won't worsen to -4.1 over time.

==Welcome==
Your kid is very lucky to have you, a parent that goes above and beyond what the doctor says and does their own research. Many parents are concerned that they only see adults on the forums, and wonder if [[EndMyopia]] works for kids. The great news is that most of the science that [[EndMyopia]] is based on was done on young and growing animals and children, the work on adults is actually more experimental. If your kid is still growing, they have a better chance of rapid improvement than adults, especially if they've just gotten their first glasses prescription.

==Most kids are born [[Hyperopic]]==
When your child first opened his/her eyes, they were probably farsighted. As they grow, the eye lengthens, and they become closer and closer to perfect vision. This growth reacts to stimulus it is given, and tunes your child's eyesight for the task distance they do most. If they spend time with screens, books, and table-top crafts, their eyesight will become tuned for those things, very functional at close range, but not very good at distance vision. If they spend more time outdoors, looking at scenery, or doing sports, their eyesight will become tuned for those things, more functional at distance, and needing ciliary muscles to do a little work for close tasks.

Children born premature or with [[Myopia]] inducing conditions may be born myopic. Consult your doctor if your child is not following normal development.

==It starts as Pseudomyopia==
''See full article: [[Pseudomyopia]]''

If your child does some near and some far work, they might still have some issues with distance vision beyond what their eye length alone would cause. Pseudomyopia is when the ciliary muscle gets cramped while doing near work, and can not fully relax for distance vision. Pseudomyopia may be all that is going on with your child's first troubles with distance vision, and is much more easily fixed than true myopia. (But the steps you need to take are the same.)

==It's more than just Pseudomyopia==
Maybe you went ahead and got the glasses a few years ago when the doctor said to, maybe your child has progressed beyond pseudomyopia and you're concerned about continued progression. Don't worry, it's not too late. Start with the same habits, the same program, and your child has a very good chance of literally growing out of it, as long as they continue to grow they can see more rapid results from good habits than an adult.

==The first three [[Habits]]==

* Only wear glasses when they are needed. If your child is not in school, and they can participate in all their activities without glasses, just put the glasses away. Talk to the teacher about putting your child up in the front row and testing his/her eyesight on the types of materials the teacher puts on the board, and see if they can do without glasses at school. If they do need glasses for school, emphasize that they are only for use with the board. If your child is too young to manage their glasses, and the teacher can't/won't help them manage them, bifocals with a reading lens or no-power lens in the bottom may be an option.
* Get outside. Get your kid involved in any hobby you can think of that involves distance vision. If you have a safe yard or a good neighborhood porch grannie you might just do the old fashioned thing and kick them out of the house until dinner, although the modern parent may feel comfortable with signing up for sports activities.
* Minimize near work. School work has to be done, but they can take breaks to minimize strain. Leisure activities should though either involve moving focus or focus at at least six feet (two meters). If you can, eliminate handheld devices from their routine.

==Follow the Guide==
All the same steps for adults apply to children, although you may have to be creative about motivating kids. You know your child best and how to redirect them. Read the guide for adults and kids: [[Guide:Start your improvement here]].

===Active Focus===
Kids might not want to "active focus" but they may enjoy some distance vision activities and games. [[Active focus]] can be a natural consequence of participating in distance activities and wanting to see a little further, it doesn't have to be a drill done on street signs.

====Distance Vision Activity Suggestions for Children====
* Outdoor sports
* Stargazing
* Cloud gazing
* Model rockets
* Paper airplane flying
* Bird Watching (place bird feeder at least 20 feet from the window if doing this from inside. Outdoors is better.)
* Hiking
* Picnics (This doesn't have to be fancy, lunch on the balcony gives plenty of opportunity to look around at distant objects while eating.)
* Playgrounds
* Line dancing
* "[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_spy I Spy]"
* Painting Scenery and distant objects
* Podcasts in the hammock/on the balcony (Use a limited function device so this doesn't become screen time.)
* Archery

===Measuring edge of blur===
''Related [[Cm Measurement]]''

Pre-lingual or developmentally delayed children may have trouble telling you what they see. The optometrist is going to have similar issues doing a standard manifest refraction. The optometrist can do an auto-refraction test or retinoscopy, but results may still be over-prescribed if your child can not follow instructions to focus on the target. These measurements from the optometrist can though serve as a starting place for your child. Start by calculating [[differentials]] from this measurement, and get glasses for your child. Give the glasses to your child for some near work activity they enjoy and observe their posture and behavior. Are they pulling the book close? Are they participating in the activity longer or shorter than usual? You can then try small changes up or down, and see if your child seems more comfortable holding their books or coloring at a healthy distance. Once they have comfortable differentials, you can back-calculate their [[normalized]].

==What about this treatment my doctor recommended?==
Only you know your risk/reward tolerance. The conventional treatments do show promise of slowing myopia progression, but not stopping it, and not reversing it. EndMyopia does not yet have long term studies to gauge effectiveness, but it has worked for many people, and the science definitely backs up that excessively powerful minus lenses on growing youth worsenss myopia, which all the conventional treatments will include. Read up on the known side effects of the proposed treatment and make your decision. (Please do read multiple sources and not just these short summaries.)
* Atropine - a chemical that paralyzes both the ciliary and pupil. Although it does partially relax the ciliary, your child may have trouble with seeing near work and with bright outdoor lighting.
* Multifocal contacts - Gives some of the benefits of bifocals, but can be difficult for a child to manage safely, and comes with a risk of eye infection and corneal thinning.
* Ortho K - reshapes the cornea at night for temporary good distance vision during the day. Waning eyesight over the course of the day makes this less harmful than all day full correction, but they're still wearing full correction in the morning. Has all the same risks as multifocal contacts.
* Bifocals - This is one of the more promising treatments for children too young to manage taking glasses on and off, but may cause physical and social awkwardness as they can not see clearly out of the whole lens, which affects their ability to use peripheral vision and requires them to look around more to see less than even a child in regular glasses.
* Separate reading glasses, or directives to only wear glasses for distance work - Hey, sounds like you have a promising doc, [[:Category:Community|we'd love to hear more]] about them.

==See Also==
* Jake Steiner about Atropine: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cylh7gwXOUY
* [[Child Myopia]]
* [[Focus Games for Kids]]

[[Category:Guides]]

Frequently Asked Questions/Glasses

2023-02-19T19:21:42Z

Candycrusher42: Conspiracy.

{{FAQ boxes}}

==Buying glasses==
====Where should I buy glasses online?====
See [[:Category:Lens seller]].

Blog post: [https://endmyopia.org/best-place-buy-glasses-online/ Where Is The Best Place To Buy Glasses Online?]

====How do I measure pupillary distance?====
[[Zenni Optical]] has a great article on this. [https://www.zennioptical.com/measuring-pd-infographic Find that here]
====Are polycarbonate lenses bad for your eyes?====
The fact that they are polycarbonate makes no difference to your eyes.

Blog post: [https://endmyopia.org/eye-uses-chromatic-aberration-to-guide-axial-change/ Polycarbonate Lenses – Bad For Your Eyes?]

==How do I read my prescription?==

See the [[Guide:Reading_glasses_prescriptions|Wiki guide to reading glasses prescriptions]]

==How do I measure my PD? (pupillary distance)==
{{main|Pupillary distance}}
Blog post: [https://endmyopia.org/how-to-measure-pd-pupillary-distance/ Headaches & Fatigue: Measure Your Pupillary Distance (PD)]

==Why are my glasses giving me a headache?==
When myopia increases, people's headaches tend to get worse. This is largely due to the shrinking field of view higher [[diopter]] correction gives. There's a huge amount of variation in general in this area. It's safe to say though, the higher your diopters, the worse the headaches.

{{jake says|Short answer: You have the wrong prescription!

But, you say, the optometrist says I’ll get used to it. Still, your headache isn’t imaginary, and you didn’t have it before you put on those glasses. What does that tell us? The optometrist is, simply, wrong!

I’ll show you how you can measure your own eyesight, and explain exactly what causes the headaches, in this post: https://endmyopia.org/headaches-because-of-glasses-the-fix-might-be-simple/}}
==My glasses are too thick and heavy, what do do?==
You probably have high or severe myopia. See the [[severe myopia]] page for guidance on selecting lighter-weight glasses.

==Test lens kits==
===Do I need a test lens kit?===
'''No''', generally you don't need a test lens kit. It may be helpful if your myopia is particularly complicated. Most people don't buy a test lens kit and do fine.
===How do you use a test lens kit?===
[[File:Trial test lens kit.jpg|right]]
You insert the lenses from the kit into the really dorky-looking glasses. This way you can test different lenses and how they work.

You can find optometrist approved guides on how to use a test lens kit [https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=subjective+refraction+ian+squire here].
{{clear}}
===Where can I buy an optometrist test lens kit?===
{{jake says|If you want to check your prescription strength needs at home, you probably want a test lens kit. While this isn’t completely necessary for most people, you might opt to invest in a test lens kit for yourself.

There are a lot of places to buy test lens kits. They range from a few hundred dollars to thousands, depending on the quality and the sales outlet.

Here is an article on what to look out for, and suggestions on where to look for kits as cheap as USD100: https://endmyopia.org/where-to-buy-a-test-lens-kit/}}

==Plus lenses==
===How do plus lenses work?===
{{main article|Plus lenses}}
Plus lenses make you '''more short-sighted, not less'''. They are for the most part useless when it comes to improving [[myopia]].
===Should I use plus lenses to improve eyesight?===
{{jake says|I have mixed opinions about the use of plus lenses. A recent forum reply sums them up fairly well:

I’m not a huge proponent of plus in general. For kids and prevention, yes. For professionals who need insane distance vision, yes. For those who need a lot of stimulus to make progress, yes.

Generally, for the large majority of myopes, with the standard lifestyle (lots of close-up at work, not much outdoor time, a lot of playing on smartphones and TV), not so much. If you’re just looking for 20/20, not needing glasses in generally all conditions, it’s just not a necessary component in a lot of cases.

He says, adjusting his plus lenses while writing this post. ?

Plus is one of those things that’s got as many downsides as potential benefits. If you’re headed towards presbyopia, plus is risky business. You might substitute plus close-up for an extra hour of outdoor time, the latter of which would be more beneficial and give you better than equal results compared to plus use. But knowing you can just grab plus and work another hour, I’m not the biggest fan of. It’s also more lenses, which I generally like to get away from when there are natural focal plane alternatives. The whole thing of where we love to reach for some kind of tech, a product, a “solution”, I try to limit that reflex. Instead find that internal space, taking that breath, accepting a real world, appreciating it (ommm shanti, Jake). You want that good vision to go see good things.

If you like the plus, you’re getting stimulus, use it. If it’s experimenting, you like to try something new, it’s cool and curious, by all means. Use it. Above is just a bit of additional perspective.

As always, don’t go monkeying with lenses, unless you really know what you’re doing. An open minded (and actual science minded) optometrist is always a potentially handy guide in this process.

Semi-related, some thoughts on "plus lens therapy": {{#ev:youtube|X4k30dbjSc0|300|inline}}

''For those who get all huffy when I poke at plus lens therapy: It’s all not to say that plus lenses are bad. It’s just potentially misleading to refer to a focal plane stimulus based approach by a specific lens type. Great way to confuse people, and it’s also far too lens-centric of a thought process to make me feel comfortable. What helps your eyesight is strain reduction and positive stimulus. The kind of lens you may or may not need for this, secondary (and different for one person to the next).''}}

==Diopters==
=====What should I reduce to?=====
See [[Guide:Reducing your correction]].
=====Is it ok to use several different diopter glasses?=====
Generally, you want one pair of [[normalized]], and one pair of [[differentials]]. You can wear more correction when doing important things such as driving at night - very important to do this safely.

==Should I stop wearing glasses?==
'''No''', unless you have [[low myopia]]. See [[Explainer:Should I stop wearing glasses?]]
===I have low myopia. Can I stop wearing my glasses?===
If you have below 2 diopters of myopia, you can definitely look at not wearing glasses any more.

Blog post: [https://endmyopia.org/low-myopia-when-can-you-stop-wearing-glasses/ Low Myopia: When Can I Stop Wearing Glasses?]

==Contact lenses==
===Should I use glasses or contact lenses for close-up?===
You can wear [[contact lenses]] with [[plus lenses]] to achieve the same effect as a pair of [[differentials]]. It's generally preferable to wear glasses in general, but people have managed to improve their eyesight with contact lenses.

{{jake says|(In particular for high myopes, these considerations.)

The tradeoff with glasses over contact lenses (for close-up use) is:

1) Cost (you’re going through a lot of lenses coming down from high myopia, and some people prefer higher index which is also more expensive).

2) Field of vision and image quality. Less of an issue for close-up, but you are going to get less visual quality from a high diopter lens than a high diopter contact lens (in most cases, though you can get somewhat closer with some very high quality, high index lenses).

3) Convenience. You can easily get some replacement contact lenses, experiment with them for reduced diopters. You can easily put a plus lens over contacts for immediate close-up and not carrying two pairs of glasses.

All in all though, I often suggest going with glasses. High diopter contact lenses are thicker, less gas permeable, and tend to cause more corneal abrasion. They disrupt tear fluid. While it always depends on the individual, it’s important to be aware of and consider all of these factors. }}

==How do I calculate math related to optics?==
See [[optics related math]] for more information.
==Can you get better than 20/20 vision?==
{{jake says|If you’re already down to low myopia (1 diopter or less), then it might be time to start thinking about the benefits of going beyond 20/20 – into the single digits of 20/x.

Better night vision, incredible distance vision, reduced risk of recurring myopia, all things you probably want. [https://endmyopia.org/20x-2020-is-just-the-beginning/ Read this post for more.]}}
==Is it OK to use several different diopter glasses?==
Blog post: [https://endmyopia.org/qa-too-many-focal-plane-changes-whats-this-double-vision/ Q&A: Too Many Focal Plane Changes + What’s This Double Vision?]
==How do I reduce prescription complexity?==
{{jake says|Your prescription currently likely includes spherical, cylinder, and axis correction. These numbers aren’t probably even all the same, for both eyes. That’s prescription complexity, and it’s often not good for you, and likely not even necessary!

For the whole detailed explanation of how to reduce prescription complexity, visit this post: https://endmyopia.org/pro-topic-how-to-reduce-prescription-complexity/}}
==See also==
From the blog: [https://endmyopia.org/everything-in-one-place-the-big-primer-on-lenses-and-cost/ The Big Primer On Buying Lenses (And Cost!)]

Frequently Asked Questions/LASIK

2023-02-19T19:07:46Z

Candycrusher42: This is biased as hell.

{{FAQ boxes}}
{{shortcut|FAQLASIK}}

==Does LASIK fix myopia?==
For a lot of people it does. It doesn't affect the underlying reason for myopia, which is [[axial elongation]] of they eyeball. LASIK cuts into your cornea, changing its refractive state.

An analogy would be permanently etching glasses into your eyes. Because glasses are the cause of your myopia, in the same vein a lot of LASIK 'patients' will have their myopia corrected, only for it to regress later in life. It's not a permanent solution for a lot of people. When the myopia comes back for these people, surgeons are all too keen to offer 'touch up surgeries', which increases your chances for [[retinal detachment]] and other eye conditions by a new order of magnitude each time a 'touch up' is performed (as if the initial risk wasn't bad enough).

==Safety==
===Is laser eye surgery safe?===
It's risky. Some people have a really good experience, other people are left with debilitating eye conditions. Some have to take [[numbing eye drops]] to numb the pain.

It's a pretty big risk if you value your eyesight.

{{jake says|No! Eye surgery to correct myopia is a truly terrible idea (in most cases).

The FDA (U.S Food & Drug Administration) reports serious side effect incidents in over 45% of post-surgery patients. These are often serious, and almost always entirely uncorrectable. Once you had laser surgery, you are stuck with the results.

What isn’t discussed much elsewhere, is the stimulus that is now created in your eye that will continue to cause the eye to elongate. This can lead to very serious risk of retinal detachment.

For more on laser surgery, visit [https://endmyopia.org/laser-eye-surgery-are-you-putting-your-eyes-at-risk/ this article].}}

==EndMyopia and LASIK==
===Had LASIK, myopia got worse again. Can I reverse it?===
See [[LASIK]]. People have been able to reverse their myopia after having LASIK.

See [https://endmyopia.org/jenny-had-lasik-needed-glasses-again-but-now/ this blog post]

Template:FAQ boxes

2023-02-19T19:05:08Z

Candycrusher42: Why was that even there?

{| style="text-align:center;margin: auto;style="width: 100%""
|style="width: 18%"|[[File:Purple Exclamation.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/FFAQ]]
|-
|style="width: 18%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/FFAQ|Frequently Frequently Asked Questions '''''(please read this!)'']]
|}

{{resize|120%|{{center|'''General'''}}}}
{| style="text-align:center;margin: auto;style="width: 100%""
|style="width: 18%"|[[File:Eye-diagram.png|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Myopia]]||style="width: 18%"|[[File:Lasik_Femtosegundo.gif|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/LASIK]]||style="width: 18%"|[[File:Squarish Glasses.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Glasses]]||style="width: 18%"|[[File:Colourful Dotty Brain.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Mindset]]||style="width: 18%"|[[File:Wiki puzzle piece blank.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Troubleshooting]]
|-
|style="width: 18%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Myopia|About Myopia]]'''||style="width: 18%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/LASIK|LASIK ]]'''||style="width: 18%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Glasses|Glasses & diopters]]'''||style="width: 18%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Mindset|Mindset]]'''||style="width: 18%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Troubleshooting|Troubleshooting]]'''
|}

{{resize|120%|{{center|'''The Process — [[EndMyopia Glossary]]'''}}}}
{| style="text-align:center;margin: auto;style="width: 100%""
|style="width: 11%"|[[File:Eye silhouette.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Active Focus]]||style="width: 11%"|[[File:Loop arrow.svg|65px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Habits]]||style="width: 11%"|[[File:Gauge icon.png|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Measurement]]||style="width: 11%"|[[File:Mountain logo silhouette.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Normalized]]||style="width: 11%"|[[File:Desktop monitor.png|65px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Differentials]]||style="width: 11%"|[[File:American Football Silhouette.png|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Astigmatism]]||style="width: 11%"|[[File:Right arrow.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Other]]
|-
|style="width: 11%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Active Focus|Active Focus]]'''||style="width: 11%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Habits|Habits]]'''||style="width: 11%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Measurement|Measurement]]'''||style="width: 11%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Normalized|Normalized]]'''||style="width: 11%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Differentials|Differentials]]'''||style="width: 11%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Astigmatism|Astigmatism]]'''||style="width: 11%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Other|Other]]'''
|}

{{resize|120%|{{center|'''EndMyopia'''}}}}
{| style="text-align:center;margin: auto;style="width: 100%""
|style="width: 16%"|[[File:Bitconnect_coin.png|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Skepticism]]||style="width: 16%"|[[File:EMBoxLogoWhite.png|55px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Meta]]||style="width: 16%"|[[File:BackTo20-20.png|95px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/BackTo20/20]]||style="width: 16%"|[[File:Stop0.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Other eyesight conditions]]||[[File:Unicorn.png|65px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Unicorn Farming]]||style="width: 16%"|
|-
|style="width: 16%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Skepticism|{{red|Skepticism }}]]'''||style="width: 16%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Meta|{{blue|About EM}}]]'''||style="width: 16%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/BackTo20/20|{{blue|Paid course}}]]'''||style="width: 16%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Other eyesight conditions|Other eyesight conditions]]'''||style="width: 16%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Unicorn Farming|{{purple|Ineffective Myopia Treatments}}]]
|}

Template:FAQ boxes

2023-02-13T15:30:28Z

Candycrusher42: Sarcasm.

{| style="text-align:center;margin: auto;style="width: 100%""
|style="width: 18%"|[[File:Purple Exclamation.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/FFAQ]]
|-
|style="width: 18%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/FFAQ|Frequently Frequently Asked Questions '''''(please read this!)'']]
|}

{{resize|120%|{{center|'''General'''}}}}
{| style="text-align:center;margin: auto;style="width: 100%""
|style="width: 18%"|[[File:Eye-diagram.png|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Myopia]]||style="width: 18%"|[[File:Lasik_Femtosegundo.gif|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/LASIK]]||style="width: 18%"|[[File:Squarish Glasses.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Glasses]]||style="width: 18%"|[[File:Colourful Dotty Brain.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Mindset]]||style="width: 18%"|[[File:Wiki puzzle piece blank.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Troubleshooting]]
|-
|style="width: 18%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Myopia|About Myopia]]'''||style="width: 18%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/LASIK|LASIK ]]'''||style="width: 18%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Glasses|Glasses & diopters]]'''||style="width: 18%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Mindset|Mindset]]'''||style="width: 18%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Troubleshooting|Troubleshooting]]'''
|}

{{resize|120%|{{center|'''The Process — [[EndMyopia Glossary]]'''}}}}
{| style="text-align:center;margin: auto;style="width: 100%""
|style="width: 11%"|[[File:Eye silhouette.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Active Focus]]||style="width: 11%"|[[File:Loop arrow.svg|65px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Habits]]||style="width: 11%"|[[File:Gauge icon.png|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Measurement]]||style="width: 11%"|[[File:Mountain logo silhouette.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Normalized]]||style="width: 11%"|[[File:Desktop monitor.png|65px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Differentials]]||style="width: 11%"|[[File:American Football Silhouette.png|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Astigmatism]]||style="width: 11%"|[[File:Right arrow.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Other]]
|-
|style="width: 11%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Active Focus|Active Focus]]'''||style="width: 11%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Habits|Habits]]'''||style="width: 11%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Measurement|Measurement]]'''||style="width: 11%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Normalized|Normalized]]'''||style="width: 11%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Differentials|Differentials]]'''||style="width: 11%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Astigmatism|Astigmatism]]'''||style="width: 11%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Other|Other]]'''
|}

{{resize|120%|{{center|'''EndMyopia'''}}}}
{| style="text-align:center;margin: auto;style="width: 100%""
|style="width: 16%"|[[File:Bitconnect_coin.png|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Skepticism]]||style="width: 16%"|[[File:EMBoxLogoWhite.png|55px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Meta]]||style="width: 16%"|[[File:BackTo20-20.png|95px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/BackTo20/20]]||style="width: 16%"|[[File:Stop0.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Other eyesight conditions]]||[[File:Unicorn.png|65px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Unicorn Farming]]||style="width: 16%"|[[File:Jumpscare Jake.jpg|55px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Silly]]
|-
|style="width: 16%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Skepticism|{{red|Skepticism }}]]'''||style="width: 16%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Meta|{{blue|About EM}}]]'''||style="width: 16%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/BackTo20/20|{{blue|Paid course}}]]'''||style="width: 16%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Other eyesight conditions|Other eyesight conditions]]'''||style="width: 16%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Unicorn Farming|{{purple|Ineffective Myopia Treatments}}]]'''||style="width: 16%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Silly|{{purple|Silly}}]]'''
|}

Template:FAQ boxes

2023-02-13T15:29:42Z

Candycrusher42: Neutral standpoint.

{| style="text-align:center;margin: auto;style="width: 100%""
|style="width: 18%"|[[File:Purple Exclamation.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/FFAQ]]
|-
|style="width: 18%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/FFAQ|Frequently Frequently Asked Questions '''''(please read this!)'']]
|}

{{resize|120%|{{center|'''General'''}}}}
{| style="text-align:center;margin: auto;style="width: 100%""
|style="width: 18%"|[[File:Eye-diagram.png|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Myopia]]||style="width: 18%"|[[File:Lasik_Femtosegundo.gif|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/LASIK]]||style="width: 18%"|[[File:Squarish Glasses.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Glasses]]||style="width: 18%"|[[File:Colourful Dotty Brain.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Mindset]]||style="width: 18%"|[[File:Wiki puzzle piece blank.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Troubleshooting]]
|-
|style="width: 18%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Myopia|About Myopia]]'''||style="width: 18%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/LASIK|LASIK ]]'''||style="width: 18%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Glasses|Glasses & diopters]]'''||style="width: 18%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Mindset|Mindset]]'''||style="width: 18%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Troubleshooting|Troubleshooting]]'''
|}

{{resize|120%|{{center|'''The Process — [[EndMyopia Glossary]]'''}}}}
{| style="text-align:center;margin: auto;style="width: 100%""
|style="width: 11%"|[[File:Eye silhouette.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Active Focus]]||style="width: 11%"|[[File:Loop arrow.svg|65px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Habits]]||style="width: 11%"|[[File:Gauge icon.png|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Measurement]]||style="width: 11%"|[[File:Mountain logo silhouette.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Normalized]]||style="width: 11%"|[[File:Desktop monitor.png|65px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Differentials]]||style="width: 11%"|[[File:American Football Silhouette.png|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Astigmatism]]||style="width: 11%"|[[File:Right arrow.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Other]]
|-
|style="width: 11%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Active Focus|Active Focus]]'''||style="width: 11%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Habits|Habits]]'''||style="width: 11%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Measurement|Measurement]]'''||style="width: 11%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Normalized|Normalized]]'''||style="width: 11%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Differentials|Differentials]]'''||style="width: 11%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Astigmatism|Astigmatism]]'''||style="width: 11%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Other|Other]]'''
|}

{{resize|120%|{{center|'''EndMyopia'''}}}}
{| style="text-align:center;margin: auto;style="width: 100%""
|style="width: 16%"|[[File:Bitconnect_coin.png|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Skepticism]]||style="width: 16%"|[[File:EMBoxLogoWhite.png|55px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Meta]]||style="width: 16%"|[[File:BackTo20-20.png|95px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/BackTo20/20]]||style="width: 16%"|[[File:Stop0.svg|75px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Other eyesight conditions]]||[[File:Unicorn.png|65px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Unicorn Farming]]||style="width: 16%"|[[File:Jumpscare Jake.jpg|55px|link=Frequently Asked Questions/Silly]]
|-
|style="width: 16%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Skepticism|{{red|Skepticism (be skeptical)}}]]'''||style="width: 16%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Meta|{{blue|About EM}}]]'''||style="width: 16%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/BackTo20/20|{{blue|Paid course}}]]'''||style="width: 16%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Other eyesight conditions|Other eyesight conditions]]'''||style="width: 16%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Unicorn Farming|{{purple|Ineffective Myopia Treatments}}]]'''||style="width: 16%"|'''[[Frequently Asked Questions/Silly|{{purple|Silly}}]]'''
|}

Frequently Asked Questions

2023-02-13T15:28:47Z

Candycrusher42: Sarcasm has no place here.

Here are a series of frequently asked questions. There are so many questions, we had to put them all on different pages!
{{FAQ boxes}}
__NOTOC__

Severe myopia

2023-01-16T00:51:23Z

Candycrusher42:

Minus eight diopters? Minus ten? Worse? No doubt you have been on the receiving end of a long series of ever stronger prescriptions from your optometrist or eye doctor. As a severe myope, you probably also spent much time with your nose in books or too close to a screen, landing you on the extreme end of the myopia spectrum.

Basically, your eyeballs are now egg-shaped. Stop being a stupid egg head. Grow some balls. Reverse direction. Do the End Myopia program.

With severe myopia, there are some complications to be mindful of. This page explains them and provides you with guidance.

==Retinal detachment==
As your eyeballs elongate with increasing myopia, the retina—which is the light-sensing membrane at the back of the eye—becomes more tensioned. For severe myopes, the risk of retinal detachment is therefore markedly elevated[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinal_detachment]. All the more reason to reverse direction.

Learn to recognize the symptoms[https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/detached-retina-retinal-detachment/]: when retinal detachment does happen, fast intervention and treatment can rescue you from losing sight in an eye.

==Avoid heavy glasses==
The front of minus lenses is flatter than the back, which is curved more strongly. In the center, minus lenses are typically only about 1.5mm thick (thinner would make the lenses too fragile), but moving away from the center (optical axis) the glass becomes thicker. The more minus the diopters, the larger the difference in curvature between the front and back surface of the lens, and the thicker the edge. You can determine how thick the lenses will get if you know all the parameters using [https://opticampus.opti.vision/tools/thickness.php this handy thickness calculator].

When choosing a normal frame with regular diameter lenses, you will end up with very thick lens edges and hence uncomfortably heavy glasses that easily slide off your nose and look ugly from the side. What to do?

===Choose frames with small-diameter lenses===
The smaller the diameter of the lenses once they are cut to fit the frame, the thinner the edges and lower the weight. Such frames are not considered very fashionable, and hence can be hard to find. But with severe myopia, the aesthetic and weight inconvenience of very thick edges make frames with small-diameter lenses very desirable.

Note though that small-diameter lenses clip your field of view.

===Opt for lenses with a high refractive index===
The higher the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_index refractive index] (''n''), the smaller the difference in front-back curvature needs to be for a lens to reach a given minus strength. Opting for high-''n'' glass therefore reduces the thickness of the lens edges and thereby significantly lowers the volume of the glass in the lens. This reduces weight, but less so than the volume reduction because the high refractive index is achieved by admixing lead in the glass[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead_glass]: leaded glass weighs more per unit volume.

There are disadvantages:
* Cost: Zeiss goes up to ''n''=1.9, but these lenses can cost around $300 each at an optometrist.
* High refractive index lenses are subject to much stronger reflections at the lens/air interfaces. You really need [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-reflective_coating anti-reflective coatings], but these do not reduce reflections as much as they do for lower ''n'' lenses.
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatic_aberration Chromatic aberration] is worse since high-index glass or plastic has significantly more [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dispersion_(optics) dispersion] than regular glass. This is particularly noticeable when looking off to the side through the lenses, close to their edges, at a multi-color target such as an RGB LED.
When you have found a frame with very small diameter lenses, going for ''n''=1.7 or ''n''=1.8 might be good enough to keep the weight down and the edges thin. But the larger the lens diameter—and of course the stronger the lenses—the more necessary it becomes to keep the weight down and edge thickness under control by paying for the highest-''n'' lenses you can get.

===For a large field of view, choose plastic lenses and thick rims===
The density of plastic lenses is a few times lower than that of glass lenses. Hence, high-strength plastic lenses with a regular diameter and thus good field of view can still be reasonably light. But the refractive index of plastic lenses goes up to only 1.6 or 1.7 so that plastic lenses will have thicker edges than can be achieved with glass. These thick edges can be masked by choosing a frame with thick rims.<ref name="Jan">https://community.endmyopia.org/t/high-myope-says-hi/18100/42</ref>
===Pick frames with a well-matching pupillary distance===
Lenses are cut to fit the frame such that their optical axis (the thinnest part of a minus lens) sits right in front of the pupil of each of your eyes when looking straight ahead. If the frame perfectly matches your [[Pupillary Distance|pupillary distance]], the optical axis of the lenses will be right in the middle between the rims of the frame. This minimizes the thickness of the edges, and hence weight.

===Prefer round or oval frames===
With the optical axes of your eyes nicely centered in a frame, round frames result in a constant thickness of the lens edge since all of the edge is at the same distance from the optical axis. This means that round lenses minimize thickness and hence weight for a given field of view.

You probably want a bit more field of view horizontally than vertically, which makes oval frames a good compromise at the cost of thicker edges on the left and right side of the lenses. Avoid rectangular frames since the corners of the rectangles will be relatively far from the optical axis, making the lens edges there unnecessarily thick, ugly, and heavy.

==View compression and accounting for vertex distance==
Strong minus glasses significantly compress objects in your field of view such that they appear smaller. The closer the lenses are to your eyeballs, the less compression happens. At the same time, the angular coverage of the lens increases so that you have a larger field of view. Try it: move your minus glasses away from and back towards your eyeballs, and the view compression effect will be apparent.

When the lenses sit on your eyeballs, view compression is absent and the field of view is not clipped. This is the case when you wear contact lenses. For glasses you can get these benefits to some degree by choosing a frame with really small diameter lenses and adjusting the nose pads and ear hooks to position the lenses closer to your eyeballs than you would be able to with larger diameter frames: these won't fit between your eyebrow ridge and cheek bones. The practical limit on how deep you can place small-diameter lenses is reached when your eye lashes brush against the lenses.

As a severe myope, you probably learned that pushing your glasses up your nose a bit can bring distant objects into better focus. This is because moving a minus lens closer to your eyeball increases its effective strength. Read the page on [[vertex distance]] to learn the details. For high-strength minus lenses, this results in a significant vertex distance correction that you must take into account when doing the End Myopia program. The vertex distance can change markedly depending on the design and adjustment of your frames.

===Simplifying accounting for vertex distance===
By picking the same frame when buying new glasses, the vertex distance will not change. This makes it easier to compare the strengths of successive pairs of glasses. When the frame comes in different colors, you can cycle through the colors to prevent confusing the old glasses for the new ones.<ref name="Jan"/>

EndMyopia

2023-01-16T00:42:06Z

Candycrusher42:

[[File:EndMyopia Long Logo.png|right|200px]]
It's pretty awesome. A large communities of evidence based vision improvement and science conversation pushing to end optometry. Join our thousands of conversations of diopter reductions and first hand experiences on the [[EndMyopia Facebook group]].

People who are doing EndMyopia are sometimes called '''EndMyopians'''.

Lens-induced myopia

2023-01-06T04:55:06Z

Candycrusher42: How many out of how many people said that they thought LIM was the cause?

'''Lens-induced myopia''' is the researched phenomenon <ref>[https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&q=lens+induced+myopia Google Scholar list of Lens Induced Myopia studies]</ref> that wearing corrective lenses seems to somehow cause myopia to worsen. Typically when someone wears [[distance vision]] glasses for [[close-up]] use.

The actual mechanism is still an area of active research, but the underlying cause appears to be [[axial elongation]]<ref>
{{cite journal| author=McBrien NA, Adams DW| title=A longitudinal investigation of adult-onset and adult-progression of myopia in an occupational group. Refractive and biometric findings. | journal=Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci | year= 1997 | volume= 38 | issue= 2 | pages= 321-33 | pmid=9040464 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9040464 }}
</ref>.

One of several hypotheses is that it is result of [[hyperopic defocus]].<ref name="Proteomic analysis of chick retina during early recovery from lens‑induced myopia">
{{Cite journal |last=Zhou |first=Yun Yun |last2=Chun |first2=Rachel Ka Man |last3=Wang |first3=Jian Chao |last4=Zuo |first4=Bing |last5=Li |first5=King Kit |last6=Lam |first6=Thomas Chuen |last7=Liu |first7=Quan |last8=To |first8=Chi-Ho |date=2018-05-03 |title=Proteomic analysis of chick retina during early recovery from lens‑induced myopia |url=http://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/mmr.2018.8954/abstract |journal=Molecular Medicine Reports |volume=18 |issue=1 |pages=59–66 |doi=10.3892/mmr.2018.8954 |issn=1791-2997}}</ref>

It has been shown in studies that myopic defocus is protective against [[Myopia]] progression.<ref name="Long -term effects of optical defocus on eye growth and refractogenesis">
{{Cite journal |last=Tarutta |first=Elena |date=2016 |title=Long -term effects of optical defocus on eye growth and refractogenesis |url=https://www.pum.edu.pl/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/112849/PomeranianJLifeSci_62-01_025-030.pdf |journal=Pomeranian J Life Sci |volume=62(1) |pages=25–30}}</ref>

A core tenant of EM is that doing [[near work]] in lenses designed for [[distance work]] causes myopia progression. Even if hyperopic blur is not induced by the lenses, the [[accommodation]] system is being constantly stressed and this encourages eye [[axial elongation]].<ref>
{{cite journal| author=Read SA, Collins MJ, Woodman EC, Cheong SH| title=Axial length changes during accommodation in myopes and emmetropes. | journal=Optom Vis Sci | year= 2010 | volume= 87 | issue= 9 | pages= 656-62 | pmid=20562668 | doi=10.1097/OPX.0b013e3181e87dd3 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20562668 }}
</ref><ref>
{{cite journal| author=Mallen EA, Kashyap P, Hampson KM| title=Transient Axial Length Change during the Accommodation Response in Young Adults. | journal=Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci | year= 2006 | volume= 47 | issue= 3 | pages= 1251-4 | pmid=16505066 | doi=10.1167/iovs.05-1086 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16505066 }}
</ref>This is supported by the fact that both [[bifocals]] and [[multifocals]], which allow the eye to use less accommodation to do near work, are protective against myopia progression <ref name="Can Bifocals Slow Myopia Progression?">
{{Cite journal |last=Gw |first=Fulk |last2=La |first2=Cyert |date=Dec 1996 |title=Can Bifocals Slow Myopia Progression? |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9286316/ |journal=Journal of the American Optometric Association |language=en |volume=67(12) |pages=749–754 |pmid=9286316 |via=PubMed}}
</ref><ref name="Myopia Progression With Biofocal Soft Contact Lenses - A Twin Study">
{{Cite journal |last=Aller |first=Thomas |date=2002-12-13 |title=MYOPIA PROGRESSION WITH BIFOCAL SOFT CONTACT LENSES - A TWIN STUDY.: Poster # 142 |url=https://journals.lww.com/optvissci/Citation/2002/12001/MYOPIA_PROGRESSION_WITH_BIFOCAL_SOFT_CONTACT.346.aspx |journal=Optometry and Vision Science |language=en-US |volume=79 |issue=12 |pages=179 |issn=1538-9235}}
</ref><ref name="Myopia Control With Bifocal Contact Lenses: A Randomized Clinical Trial">
{{Cite journal |last=Aller |first=Thomas |last2=M |first2=Liu |last3=Cf |first3=Wildsoet |date=Apr 2016 |title=Myopia Control With Bifocal Contact Lenses: A Randomized Clinical Trial |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26784710/ |journal=Optometry and Vision Science Supplement |language=en |volume=93(4) |pages=344–52 |pmid=26784710}}
</ref><ref name="Effect of Bifocal Lenses on the Rate of Childhood Myopia Progression">
{{Cite journal |last=Goss |first=D A |date=Feb 1986 |title=Effect of Bifocal Lenses on the Rate of Childhood Myopia Progression |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3953756/ |journal=American journal of optometry and physiological optics |language=en |volume=63(2) |pages=135–41 |pmid=3953756}}
</ref>

==Near Work Induced Myopia==
This term is more heavily associated with [[Pseudomyopia]]. Many optometrists recommend the [[20-20-20 rule]] to prevent eye strain,<ref name="American Optometric Association 20-20-20 rule poster">
{{Cite web |title=American Optometric Association 20-20-20 rule poster |date=2020-05-30 |website=American Optometric Association |url=https://www.aoa.org/documents/infographics/SYVM2016Infographics.pdf |access-date=2020-05-30}}
</ref><ref name="Medical News Today: Does the 20-20-20 rule prevent eye strain?">
{{Cite web |title=20-20-20 rule: How to prevent eye strain |url=https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/321536 |last=Nall |first=Rachel |date=2020-05-30 |website=www.medicalnewstoday.com |language=en |access-date=2020-05-30}}
</ref> which may be the mechanism behind myopia progression.

It is arguable if near work induced myopia is the same mechanism as lens induced myopia. Both are cases where you are doing work closer than [[20/20 eyesight]] finds comfortable, whether that acuity is "natural" (before your first pair of glasses) or with-correction.

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Articles]]
[[Category:Eye conditions]]