Lens-induced myopia

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Lens-induced myopia is a result of hyperopic defocus, typically when someone wears distance vision glasses for close-up use.

It has been shown in in studies that hyperopic defocus causes myopia.[1]

It has been shown in studies that myopic defocus is protective against myopia progression.[2]

A core tenant of EM is that doing near work in lenses designed for distance work causes myopia progression. Even if hyperopic blur is not induced by the lenses, the accommodation system is being constantly stressed and this encourages eye axial lengthening. This is supported by the fact that both bifocals and multifocals, which allow the eye to use less accommodation to do near work, are protective against myopia progression [3][4][5][6]

Near Work Induced Myopia

It is arguable if near work induced myopia is the same mechanism as lens induced myopia. Both are cases where you are doing work closer than your corrected vision is designed to do, but obviously near work induced myopia can happen before the first pair of glasses, and the term is more heavily associated with Pseudomyopia. Many optometrists recommend the 20-20-20 rule to prevent eye strain,[7][8] which may be the mechanism behind myopia progression.

References

  1. Zhou, Yun Yun; Chun, Rachel Ka Man; Wang, Jian Chao; Zuo, Bing; Li, King Kit; Lam, Thomas Chuen; Liu, Quan; To, Chi-Ho (2018-05-03). "Proteomic analysis of chick retina during early recovery from lens‑induced myopia". Molecular Medicine Reports. 18 (1): 59–66. doi:10.3892/mmr.2018.8954. ISSN 1791-2997.Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.
  2. Tarutta, Elena (2016). "Long -term effects of optical defocus on eye growth and refractogenesis" (PDF). Pomeranian J Life Sci. 62(1): 25–30.Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.
  3. Gw, Fulk; La, Cyert (Dec 1996). "Can Bifocals Slow Myopia Progression?". Journal of the American Optometric Association. 67(12): 749–754. PMID 9286316 – via PubMed.Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.
  4. Aller, Thomas (2002-12-13). "MYOPIA PROGRESSION WITH BIFOCAL SOFT CONTACT LENSES - A TWIN STUDY.: Poster # 142". Optometry and Vision Science. 79 (12): 179. ISSN 1538-9235.Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.
  5. Aller, Thomas; M, Liu; Cf, Wildsoet (Apr 2016). "Myopia Control With Bifocal Contact Lenses: A Randomized Clinical Trial". Optometry and Vision Science Supplement. 93(4): 344–52. PMID 26784710.Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.
  6. Goss, D A (Feb 1986). "Effect of Bifocal Lenses on the Rate of Childhood Myopia Progression". American journal of optometry and physiological optics. 63(2): 135–41. PMID 3953756.Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.
  7. "American Optometric Association 20-20-20 rule poster" (PDF). American Optometric Association. 2020-05-30. Retrieved 2020-05-30.Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.
  8. Nall, Rachel (2020-05-30). "20-20-20 rule: How to prevent eye strain". www.medicalnewstoday.com. Retrieved 2020-05-30.Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.