Pupillary Distance

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Pupillary Distance (PD) is the distance between your pupil centers. This measurement is important when ordering glasses to make sure you are looking through the optical centers of your lenses. If you have glasses made by an optician they may take additional measurements, but those require the frame to be on your face, and standard values are used by online glasses suppliers for those measurements. This is fine for most people, but may be a source of discomfort for some.

"don’t use the single digit PD, use the separate numbers for each eye measured to centre of bridge of nose, many people are not perfectly symmetric"[1]

Near PD

Because your eyes converge to look at things close to you, your PD is going to be smaller when doing near work than for distance vision. If you are buying differentials or reading glasses your near PD should be used.

Pupillary Distance and Frames

"It also helps if you figure out what size frames fit your head. One trick I read online is the PD of the frames themselves is the first two number on the frame added (so if you have frames that are 53-15-140) the PD of the frame itself is 68mm, so in general you’ll do better with frames that are close to your actual PD (your eyes will be centered in the frames, and the lenses will be centered in the frame too.)"[2]

From the blog

Headaches & Fatigue: Measure Your Pupillary Distance (PD)

Citations