Clinical Studies
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This article isn't fully developed, there are many studies that could go on this page that aren't here at the moment.
Causes of Myopia
Lens induced myopia & axial length change in humans
- "Significant changes in optical axial length occurred in human subjects after 60 minutes of monocular defocus." IOVS, 2010
- "The human eye is able to discern the sign of defocus within minutes after exposure to blur and make changes in its axial length in a direction to reduce the amount of retinal blur", Scientific Reports, 2020
- "During relatively short periods of accommodative stimulation, axial length increases in ... young adults", IOVS, 2006
- "The eye undergoes a significant axial elongation associated with a brief period of accommodation...", OVS, 2010
- "It is therefore clear that preventive approaches need to concentrate on measures that prevent or reduce axial elongation, since this would result in a reduction in both the need for refractive correction and the long-term pathological outcomes", Acad Med Singapore, 2004
- "Refractive correction of myopia will lead to accelerated progression", OPO, 2007
- "Continuous correction of myopia results in a linear progression that increases myopia...", GACEO, 2015
- "...A reduction in the axial length of the adult eye serves as an emmetropizing mechanism...", AJOPO, 1987
Lens induced myopia & axial length change in animals
- "Extrapolation of these (animal) findings to humans predicts that natural emmetropization (normal eye development) will be inhibited...by early intervention with prescription lenses..." OPO, 2007
- "It has been suggested that environmental factors such as extensive near work act as triggers of myopia....The expression of AL (Axial Length) genes activated by environmental factors leads to the elongation of AL (Axial Length)." Ophthalmologica, 2011
Nearwork-Induced Transient Myopia (NITM) & Nearwork Causing Permanent Myopia
- "Today there no longer seems to be any question that nearwork is a causal factor for myopia. " The Lancet, 2000
- "People who do an excessive amount of near-vision work may experience a false or "pseudo" myopia...Clear distance vision usually returns after resting the eyes. However, constant visual stress may lead to a permanent reduction in distance vision over time. " American Optometric Association